Papers
Papers about the decline in labor's share of income:
Demographic Origins of the Decline in Labor's Share
with Jacob Short
(Previously circulated as "The Life-Cycle Distribution of Earnings and Decline in Labor's Share")
with Jacob Short
(Previously circulated as "The Life-Cycle Distribution of Earnings and Decline in Labor's Share")
Papers about employer credit checks and policies that restrict this practice:
The Unintended Consequences of Employer Credit Check Bans in Labor and Credit Markets
with Kristle Cortés and Murat Tasci
with Kristle Cortés and Murat Tasci
Employer Credit Checks: Poverty Traps versus Matching Efficiency
(with Dean Corbae)
*Updated 7/26/2018*
(with Dean Corbae)
*Updated 7/26/2018*
Papers on other topics:
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Inter-generational Redistribution in the Great Recession
(with Jonathan Heathcote, Dirk Krueger, and Jose Victor Rios Rull) *2nd R&R, Journal of Political Economy* Older Papers Under Revision (Email for Draft)A Quantitative Rat Race Theory of Labor Market Dynamics
A fundamental puzzle for productivity driven business cycle theories is that labor productivity and hours are negatively correlated. I refine the empirical puzzle and provide a theory to account for it. I emphasize that hours per worker and individual hours relative to usual hours move counter to productivity. In the cross-section, I find that almost all workers increase their hours when productivity is low, except for low (residual) wage earners. Furthermore, low wage earners suffer larger wage losses when productivity falls. Based on these findings, I hypothesize that non-neutral movements in productivity exacerbate frictions due to adverse selection. I use recent advances in competitive search theory to imbed Akerlof's Rat Race into a Neo Classical growth model with search frictions. Firms bundle high earnings with long hours in order to separate more able and willing workers from the less productive. When low productivity workers fall (relatively) farther behind, the firm requires longer hours from everyone else; perversely, many workers work harder even as the market value of their time falls. A calibrated version of the model is used to measure the aggregate volatility generated by productivity shocks when labor markets are burdened by adverse selection. Bankruptcy, Incorporation, and The Nature of Entrepreneurial Risk
(joint with Jake Short) Entrepreneurship is risky; entrepreneurs forgo wages and invest their time and resources into a business with large potential gains, but uninsurable risks. It is vital to know the extent of these risks, and the insurance available against them, in order to assess corporate tax and personal bankruptcy reforms. We document that incorporated entrepreneurs operate larger businesses, accumulate more wealth, and are on average more productive than unincorporated entrepreneurs. We embed the U.S. bankruptcy and incorporation legal systems in a quantitative macroeconomic theory of occupational, incorporation, and default choices that accounts for the cross-sectional facts. In the model, as in the U.S., incorporation provides insurance via limited liability beyond personal bankruptcy exemptions, at the expense of administrative burdens and an endogenous interest rate premium. Our model suggests that capital shocks are important entrepreneurial risks. A calibrated economy in which each unit of installed capital entails a small probability (0.6%) of a catastrophic shock (full destruction of capital) is able to account for the data along multiple untargeted dimensions. A counterfactual exercise is performed to see if reducing the costs of incorporation can account for an increase in wealth inequality in line with US data. |